書　　名：The Extension of Space in Globalization: The Globally Extended Space and Human Rights in Theories and Modern and Contemporary Taiwanese and American Poetry

ISBN：9789579119634

作　　者： Sarah ...

出 版 社：天空

出 版 日 期：2020/1/1

紙 本 書：NT$ 500 元

折扣：9折

優惠價：NT$ 450 元

The Extension of Space in Globalization: The Globally Extended Space and Human Rights in Theories and Modern and Contemporary Taiwanese and American Poetry explores theories on space and theories on human rights in the globally extended space in Part I and canvasses modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry on the globally extended space in Part II, citing theories and poetry, and commenting on cultures. This book raises large theoretical questions about the solely national and local definitions of space, human rights, and literature. In Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, Part I of this book, Sarah Yihsuan Tso argues that space and human rights, sites of contestation, are global-cum-local in various dimensions and are deterritorializing. Tso maintains in Chapters 4 to 6, Part II of this book, that modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry illuminates the impacts of the globally extended space on freedom, the human mind, place, and poetics. Part II examines the poems expounding the globally extended space in globalization written by seven acclaimed major poets including Taiwanese poets Chou-yu Cheng, Wan-yu Lin, Hsiung Hung, Hsia Yu, and Yin Ling and American poets Jorie Graham and Bei Dao.

Chapter 1 Introduction Globalization’s impact on space has received prodigious critical attention, and I will give mine in this book. In this book, the extension of space is defined as the distension of space supranationally when space, beyond national territory, connects with physical space or cyberspace of another political entity, culture, or people. The Extension of Space in Globalization: The Globally Extended Space and Human Rights in Theories and Modern and Contemporary Taiwanese and American Poetry explores theories on space and theories on human rights in the globally extended space in Part I and canvasses modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry on the globally extended space in Part II, citing theories and poetry, and commenting on cultures. This book raises large theoretical questions about the solely national and local definitions of space, human rights, and literature. In Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, Part I of this book, I argue that space and human rights, sites of contestation, are global-cum-local in various dimensions and are deterritorializing. I maintain in Chapters 4 to 6, Part II of this book, that modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry illuminates the impacts of the globally extended space on freedom, the human mind, place, and poetics. Part II examines the poems expounding the globally extended space in globalization written by seven acclaimed major poets including Taiwanese poets Chou-yu Cheng, Wan-yu Lin, Hsiung Hung, Hsia Yu, and Yin Ling and American poets Jorie Graham and Bei Dao. Their poetry on the globally extended space commends sacrifices for freedom or chronicles its redefinitions. Their poetry reflects on an array of the extension’s effects on the human mind including the intensification of solitude, the surfacing of the unconscious of the globetrotter, and nostalgia for territories, heritages, and space in childhood. And their poetry ponders global interrelatedness and its reverberations in poetics such as interconnectedness and openness. In Part I, in addition to exploring current theories on space, I establish my own theories on space including the three dimensions of space (haecceitic dimension, social dimension, and social and international dimensions), two secondary dimensions (affective secondary dimension and virtual secondary dimension), and four descriptors for my three dimensions of space—heterogeneity in composition and deterritorialization for the haecceitic dimension, relatedness including the relation of space to time for the social dimension, and interrelatedness for the social and international dimension. Moreover, in my own theory on freedom in the globally extended space, I argue that freedom is ensured or transformed in the globally extended space. My theories and terms clarify the impacts of local-global interconnectedness on spatiality and on the nation-state’s and people’s reevaluations of human rights such as freedom. In Part II, I maintain that modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry on the globally extended space delves into the outcomes of the extension of space including the securing or redefinition of freedom and factors aggravating or assuaging solitude such as frauds, the commercialization of human relationships, and global travel. The poetry also probes the dominances of the unconscious and space of childhood during global travel and nostalgia for territories and heritages and for space in childhood. Moreover, modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry chronicles people’s fear about wars and global politics, the global intercon-nectedness among strangers, and interrelatedness. To explicate modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry on the globally extended space, I coined my own literary terms including “the poetics of interrelatedness and openness” on interrelatedness, indeterminacy, and experimentality in Hsia Yu’s poetry; “poetics of interrelatedness” on the self’s intercon-nectedness with others in Graham’s poetry; “prodigal place” on a place laced with other places and times; and the “othering of place” on the presence of the absent other at a place, the last two terms for Graham’s poem “Event Horizon.” The book has seven chapters and is divided into two parts, “Theories on Space and Human Rights in the Global Era” and “The Extension of Space in Poetry.” Part I, “Theories on Space and Human Rights in the Global Era,” propounds my theories on space and on freedom in the globally extended space and explores current theories on space and on human rights in two theoretical chapters. Part II, “The Extension of Space in Poetry,” examines the globally extended space in modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry in another three chapters. Pronounced interconnections between Part I and II are commented on in Part II, whereas not all the theories in Part I are applied to the poetry in Part II. This chapter, the introduction, advances my argument of the book and epitomizes its seven chapters. In Chapter 2, I maintain that space is multiscalar, deterritorialized, and multi-dimensional in current theories. In Chapter 2, my first contribution to theories on space is my conceptualization of the three dimensions of space—haecceitic, social, and social and international dimensions. Moreover, I argue that space has two secondary dimensions including its affective and virtual secondary dimensions. The affective secondary dimension is within the social dimension of space. The virtual secondary dimension belongs to the social and international dimension of space. My other contributions to spatial theories are my descriptors for my three dimensions of space. In my conceptualization, space in the haecceitic dimension is heterogeneous in composition and deterri-torializing. Relatedness is the descriptor of the social dimension. Interrelatedness is the descriptor of the social and international dimension of space. In addition, most of the recent theories on people in space deal with the haecceitic dimension of space and, in my two descriptors, its heterogeneity in constitution and deterritorialization. Moreover, recent literary theories on space conceive space as ontological, cultural, and deterritorialized. Furthermore, recent scholarship defines globalization as changes and as its dimensions. The current consensus among scholars, I suggest, defines globalization in its two impacts or dimensions, interrelatedness and interdependency.   In Chapter 3, I maintain that in the age of globalization, since no later than the 1980s, the extension of space safeguards or redefines human freedom. In the globally extended space, global politics and transnational and global institutions and organizations as well as national institutions and groups redefine freedom and its enactment. Human rights are local-cum-global values within the nation-state and in the globally extended space of global civil society because human rights are abstract values, national values, and international and global values in my three dimensions. To scholars, freedom, a human right, is an ethical value as it is a moral, legal, and political value in the globally extended space with a trove of discordant definitions (Frost 75-77; Moyn, The Last 226-27). Next, on the voices or movements countering or endorsing human rights, Chapter 3 suggests that human rights are not adversarial to nationalism in a nation-state, or to isolationism in the globally extended space. Ideologies or people object to human rights because in the globally extended space human rights flow with fewer barriers than politics and people as Manuel Castells and Zygmunt Bauman both contend (Bauman, “Media” 301). My analysis in Chapter 3 suggests that anti-globalization movements and ideologies can be neutral to human rights, defend human rights, or infringe human rights. Moreover, the topic of this book, globalization, is intersectional and inclusive as a field and an approach for innumerable scholars across disciplines. The globally extended space and freedom in the globally extended space are also central themes in modern and contemporary Taiwanese and American poetry and will be treated in Part II of the book. C